7  Openness

Definition:

• anyone
• can readily access the data
• at no more than a reasonable reproduction cost (i.e., internet connection)

(Open Knowledge Foundation, 2023)

Openness is not a dogma and not a dichotomy

“As open as possible as closed as necessary”
(European Commission, 2023, p. 36)

Questions to be answered at the end?
Please put them here!

European Commission. (2023). Horizon Europe (HORIZON). HE Programme Guide. Version 4.0. Publications Office.

Open Knowledge Foundation. (2023). What is Open Data? In Open Data Handbook. https://opendatahandbook.org/guide/en/what-is-open-data/.